Serbia

Serbia’s Anti-Discrimination Law, most recently amended in 2021, prohibits discrimination on the grounds of gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, and sex characteristics. However, research has identified a concerning lack of implementation. Intersex people continue to face discrimination and harm, including nonconsensual, medically unnecessary childhood surgeries. Hate crimes occur regularly, largely with impunity. In a 2018 study, 38 percent of LGBTI individuals reported experiencing discrimination in the previous five years, while 46 percent declared they had experienced psychological abuse. 

Same-sex relationships are not legally recognized, and the Constitution explicitly bans same-sex marriage. Transgender and intersex people can change their legal gender markers through a process requiring gender-affirming hormone therapy and the certification of a psychiatrist. Civil society groups are advocating for a system based on self-determination. 

Hate speech against LGBTIQ people by politicians and religious leaders is prevalent. In 2022, religious and political conservatives attempted to ban textbooks they claimed spread “LGBT ideology.” While not banning the books, the National Education Council removed “narratives aimed at countering stigma affecting LGBTI persons.”

In the past, several Pride events have been canceled due to safety concerns. In 2022, EuroPride took place in the capital city of Belgrade despite attempts by high-level government officials to cancel the event. Counter-protestors eventually attacked several EuroPride participants. However, in 2024, Belgrade Pride reported the largest turnout to date. Pride events included peaceful protests calling for legislation supporting both marriage equality and legal gender recognition based on self-determination. 

*Outright research indicates that the bodily autonomy of intersex people is not respected and protected in this country.