Antigua and Barbuda

In 2022, consensual same-sex sexual conduct was decriminalized in Antigua and Barbuda. Sections 12 and 15 of the Sexual Offences Act 1995 were found to be unconstitutional by the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court. This marks a significant step forward in the fight to end stigma and discrimination against LGBTIQ people. The same ruling also interprets the constitutional prohibition of discrimination based on sex as inclusive of sexual orientation and gender identity. However, there are still no explicit anti-discrimination protections for LGBTIQ people, and they are often excluded from social protection laws and policies. Same-sex unions are not legally recognized.

Public attitudes toward LGBTIQ people are evolving. Many non-LGBTIQ people condemn harassment, attacks, and discrimination against LGBTIQ people. Still, discrimination and violence against LGBTIQ persons, including verbal harassment and physical attacks, persist. Authorities are seen to be dismissive of these issues, as politicians fear the potential backlash that comes with support for LGBTIQ equality. At the same time, civil society organizations reported a decrease in antagonistic behavior towards LGBTQI+ persons and greater acceptance from family members and the greater community following the decriminalization ruling.

Transgender people are particularly vulnerable because there is no mechanism for legal gender recognition. Only legal name changes are permitted. Non-consensual medical interventions on intersex children are not prohibited, leaving them vulnerable to violence.

* Outright research indicates that the bodily autonomy of intersex people is not respected and protected in this country.